

In general it shouldn’t. You might need to install some new drivers for the new chipset but in itself the system should work. Especially since nowadays kernels are shipped with a lot of stuff and I’m guessing you’re not compiling yours
Regarding messing up with live environment, I don’t remember if GPT is enough for UEFI to load your bootloader or maybe you might need to install something in there



On second thought, try to find out which driver your new network card needs and install it before the switch. As long as you have command line and network (USB drivers for keyboard should not be an issue) you can install whatever is missing
Btw, there are two command line browsers that I know of: links and lynx. Copying commands from phone gets tedious fast